An accounting information system (AIS) involves the collection, storage, and processing of financial and accounting data used by internal users to report information to investors, creditors, and tax authorities. It is generally a computer-based method for tracking accounting activity in conjunction with information technology resources. AIS combines traditional accounting practices, such as the use of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), with modern information technology resources.

Bookkeeping and accounting may appear to be the same profession to an untrained eye. This is because both accounting and bookkeeping deal with financial data, require basic accounting knowledge, and classify and generate reports using the financial transactions.

Accounting fraud is the phrase used to describe a situation when an employee of a business entity steals, misappropriates or embezzle money or other resources. Anybody in the position of stealing ranging from unit managers to accounting clerks or chief financial officer can perpetrate this kind of fraud. Factors like enriching oneself, covering for errors, and covering for a loved one can be the motive behind the commission of accounting fraud. The interesting stuff about accounting fraud is that small discovery usually lead to massive exposure of fraud.

It acts as a forum for the exchange of ideas, experiences, opinions and research results relating to the preparation of students for careers in all walks of life for which accounting knowledge and understanding is relevant. The coverage includes aspects of accounting education and training policy, curriculum issues, computing matters, and accounting research as it impinges on educational or training issues.

A financial analysis accentuates the strengths and weaknesses of a company. Communicating the company’s strengths and weaknesses in an accurate and honest manner is helpful in convincing the investors to invest in your business.

Financial reporting refers to standard practices to give stakeholders an accurate depiction of a company’s finances, including their revenues, expenses, profits, capital, and cash flow, as formal records that provide in-depth insights into financial information.

Personal financial planning helps individuals and families reach goals that require money to achieve, such as having adequate retirement income or resources to cover college expenses. With good planning, most people find they can achieve their desired standard of living and meet their financial goals in a timely and orderly fashion.

Investment banking is a division of financial corporations that deal with the creation of new debt and security instruments, underwriting IPO processes, merge or acquire companies and help high net worth individuals and banks to facilitate high-value investments. Investment banks also provide guidance to issuers regarding the issue and placement of stock.

Management accounting control systems (MACS) is the collective processes that help in fine tuning the best method of managing complex variables including managers and employees. The primary aim of MACS is to supports the application of underlying procedures, processes and documentations within a given enterprise in such a way that results are maximised.

Environmental accounting is the practice of incorporating principles of environmental management and conservation into reporting practices and cost/benefit analyses. Environmental accounting allows a business to see the impact of ecologically sustainable practices in everything from their supply chain to facility expansion. It allows accountants to report on the economic impact of those decisions to stakeholders so as to allow for proactive decision making about processes that simultaneously meet environmental regulations while adding to the bottom line.

Taxation is a term for when a taxing authority, usually a government, levies or imposes a tax. The term "taxation" applies to all types of involuntary levies, from income to capital gains to estate taxes. Though taxation can be a noun or verb, it is usually referred to as an act; the resulting revenue is usually called "taxes."

Business Intelligence (BI) is a comprehensive term encompassing data analytics and other reporting tools that help in decision making using historical data. BI vendors are developing cutting edge technology tools and technologies to reduce complexities associated with BI and empower business user.

Data Analytics focuses on algorithms to determine relationship between data offering insights. The major difference between BI and Analytics is that Analytics has predictive capabilities whereas BI helps in informed decision-making based on analysis of past data

Business Intelligence (BI) and Analytics can help in making insightful business decisions, taking appropriate action along with quick implementation while Data Business Intelligence leverages cutting edge technology BI tools to address data analysis issues. Data Scientists and Domain Specialists are professionals who can skillfully use these tools to fuel business success and innovation.

Economics provides an understanding of resource allocation between economic entities, while management is focused on determining how best to utilise allocated resources to achieve the goals of an organisation. Economics and Management are academically complementary and hold the answer to a variety of questions like:

• Was the Greek financial crisis a failure of economic policy or due to a lack of effective management?
• Why does a pair of Jimmy Choo shoes cost more than Bata?

Every year, government organizations must put together a CAFR (Comprehensive Annual Financial Report). The CAFR analyzes the financial status of the entity, and is put together using the GAAP and GASB.

The CAFR can include overall financial data as well as information on specific funds and reports the results of the period in question, often the financial year. The CAFR also includes consolidated financial statements and includes accumulations from previous years. This also includes a comparison of the period budget and the actual spend.

Nonprofit organizations are not required to publish CAFRs. However, they are required to put together financial reports for their Board of Directors and subsequent investors. These are called the Report of Consolidated Financial Statements which will include:

• Statement of Activities,
• Statement of Financial Position, and
• Statement of Cash Flow.

Sustainability accounting (also known as social accounting, social and environmental accounting, corporate social reporting, corporate social responsibility reporting, or non-financial reporting) and it  is considered a subcategory of financial accounting that focuses on the disclosure of non-financial information about a firm's performance to external stakeholders, such as capital holders, creditors, and other authorities. Sustainability accounting represents the activities that have a direct impact on society, environment, and economic performance of an organisation.

Sustainability reporting can be considered as synonymous with other terms for non-financial reporting; triple bottom line reporting, corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting, and more. It is also an intrinsic element of integrated reporting; a more recent development that combines the analysis of financial and non-financial performance.

Corporate governance is the combination of rules, processes or laws by which businesses are operated, regulated or controlled. The term encompasses the internal and external factors that affect the interests of a company’s stakeholders, including shareholders, customers, suppliers, government regulators and management. The board of directors is responsible for creating the framework for corporate governance that best aligns business conduct with objectives.